The Gold Star medal "Sickle and Hammer" was instituted by a Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet, 22 May 1940. It was instituted to distinguish citizens who were honored with the title of "Hero of Socialist Labor" which had been officially awarded since 1938. The title of "Hero of Socialist Labor" was given for heroic achievements in labor such as significantly increasing production efficiency, and for successful implementation of methods and techniques which furthered the development of the State economy, science and culture. Recipients of this award simultaneously receive the Order of Lenin, and a Diploma of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet. It could be awarded several times to an individual, however in 1988, it was restricted to a one time only award. The first title of "Hero of Socialist Labor" was awarded to Josef Stalin, in 1939. Medal No. 1 was given to him in celebration of his 60th birthday. Approximately 20,500 were awarded with this medal, 180 twice, and 16 three times.The medal is made of Gold, the other parts are silver, covered in Gold. Special privileges were also granted to holders of this title. These included a pension with survivor benefits in case of Hero's death, first priority on the housing list, 50 per cent rent reduction, reduced taxation rates, up to an additional 15 square meters in living space, free yearly round-trip first class ticket, free personal bus transportation, free yearly visit to sanitarium or rest home, as well as entertainment and medical benefits. |